Switching to late nights and late mornings on the weekend is associated with cardiometabolic risk. Termed "social jetlag", it is associated with poorer lipid profiles, worse glycemic control, and increased adiposity in healthy adults, as per a report published in Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. These metabolic changes can contribute to the development of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

A total of 111 study participants had a social jetlag of more than 60 minutes. Compared to the other study participants, these individuals had:

• Higher mean triglycerides: 107 mg/dL versus 91 mg/dL (P=0.009)
• Lower mean HDL-cholesterol: 54 mg/dL versus 57 mg/dL (P=0.014)
• Higher mean fasting insulin levels: 13.5 µU/mL versus 12 µU/mL (P=0.03)
• More insulin resistance as measured by homeostatic model assessment: 4.0 versus 3.7 (P=0.028)
• Greater mean waist circumference: 94 cm versus 89 cm (P=0.001)
• Higher mean BMI: 28 versus 26 (P=0.004).

It has been shown that regulating sleep times can help treat insomnia, and this emerging evidence, along with others, suggests that perhaps doing so will have benefits in treatment and prevention of other diseases.