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Cough Update: Beneficial effects of Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine and Paracetamol therapy in the treatment of common cold

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eMediNexus    18 December 2020

Beneficial effects of Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine and Paracetamol therapy in the treatment of common cold 

Acute coryza or common cold is the main symptom of infections affecting the upper airways. It is also observed to be associated with low-grade fever and systemic symptoms, and is typically present with at least two of the symptoms such as cough, dysphonia, throat discomfort, sore throat, nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, sneezing, headaches, myalgia and fever. Numerous studies have shown that a combination of analgesics, decongestants and antihistamines is beneficial for relieving multiple symptoms associated with common cold and allergic rhinitis. To validate these findings, the authors of the study is evaluating the role of combination therapy consisting of Paracetamol as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic, Chlorpheniramine maleate, an anti-histaminic and Phenylephrine as a nasal decongestant in the treatment of common cold. Additionally, the study also analysed the safety profile of this combination in treatment of common cold.

This current phase IV, open-labelled, multicentric study included 159 patients. The effectiveness of the combination was measured by the reduction in mean TSS at each follow-up visit while the tolerability profile was examined by determining the adverse events experienced by patients during the study.

The outcome of the study showed a reduction in mean total symptom score (TSS) from 6.62 (day 1) to 3.56 (day 3) and 0.69 (day 5). Majority patients reported a >50% reduction in TSS at visit 3 whereas 58.49% patients showed complete resolution of symptoms at the end of study. Moreover, 16.36% (26 out of 159 patients) experienced adverse events, among which sedation and drowsiness (6.29%) were the most frequently encountered adverse event.

Thus, a fixed dose combination of Chlorpheniramine maleate, Paracetamol, and Phenylephrine can be considered as an efficacious and well tolerable therapy in the treatment of common cold.

Source: Kiran MD, Vakharia MP, Pawaskar LJ, Shaheen SN. Efficacy and safety of a fixed dose combination of paracetamol, chlorpheniramine maleate and phenylephrine in treatment of common cold: a phase IV, open-labelled, multi-centric study. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 2018;8(10).

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