There is growing evidence suggesting liver regeneration as an example of compensatory growth with the aim to replace loss of tissue in an organ. Hepatocytes, the main functional cells of the liver, have the potential to proliferate and restore mass and concurrently deliver all hepatic functions essential for maintaining the homeostasis of the body. These cells are also first to respond to regenerative stimuli triggered by mitogenic growth factor receptors MET (the hepatocyte growth factor receptor] and epidermal growth factor receptor, and accompanied by auxiliary mitogenic signals induced by other cytokines. 

The cessation of liver regeneration is a complex process which is influenced by integrin mediated signaling and these signalling pathways aid in rehabilitation of liver by restoring its original mass. However, in cases when hepatocytes cannot proliferate, progenitor cells released from the biliary epithelium transdifferentiate to restore the hepatocyte compartment and vice versa. Moreover, numerous hormones and xenobiotics can modify the hepatostat directly and induce an upsurge in liver to body weight ratio, causing augmentative hepatomegaly. Thus, the multifaceted challenges of the liver to attain body homeostasis are always preserved by complex but consistent responses including various signaling that can impact growth and differentiation of all types of hepatic cell.

Source: Michalopoulos GK. Principles of liver regeneration and growth homeostasis. Compr Physiol. 2013 Jan;3(1):485-513.