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Cough Update: Pharmacokinetic profile of dextromethorphan in children and adolescents

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eMediNexus    14 February 2021

Dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DM) is an antitussive which is extensively used. For the first time, the following study determines the uncomplicated pharmacokinetic profile of dextromethorphan along with its active metabolite, dextrorphan in children and adolescents.

Thirty-eight male and female participants who were at risk of developing an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), or symptomatic with cough because of URTI, were registered in the single-dose, open-label study. The ages were divided into 2-5 years (Group A, n = 8), 6-11 years (Group B, n = 17), 12-17 years (Group C, n = 13). Participants were genotyped for cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 polymorphisms and characterized as poor or non-poor metabolizers. Groups A and B were treated with an age-weight dosing schedule (dextromethorphan range 7.5-24.75 mg) and a 30-mg dose of dextromethorphan was used for Group C.

Normal exposures to total dextrorphan were increased as age group was increased, and average exposure to dextromethorphan was highest in the adolescent group. One participant in that group was a poor metabolizer. The terminal half-life values were lengthier in the adolescent group because of a single poor metabolizer participant. There was no association between body weight and pharmacokinetic parameters.

The pharmacokinetic characteristics of dextromethorphan in children and adolescents with a single dose was safe and was well tolerated at all the doses tested.

Source: Guenin E, Armogida M, Riff D. Pharmacokinetic profile of dextromethorphan hydrobromide in a syrup formulation in children and adolescents. Clin Drug Investig. 2014 Sep;34(9):609-16.

 

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