• Hyperthyroidism relapses in the majority of patients with Graves’ disease treated with antithyroid drug (ATD).
• Among different clinical and laboratory features, age at onset of hyperthyroidism, goiter size and TSH-receptor antibody (TRAb) level are particularly helpful in identifying those patients who are more prone to undergo a remission of hyperthyroidism, after medical treatment.
• Remission is independent of the type of ATD (methimazole, propylthiouracil and carbimazole).
• Graves’ patients with the G allele in exon 1 of the CTLA-4 gene, were required to continue ATD treatment for longer periods to achieve remission.
• Children with hyperthyroidism often require prolonged courses of antithyroid medication to achieve remission, and long-term compliance is problematic.

Age at onset of hyperthyroidism, goiter size and TRAb level help identify patients more prone to undergo a remission of hyperthyroidism.

The most relevant predictor of Graves’ disease outcome seems to be serum level: TRAb at the time of Graves’ disease diagnosis <2.5 times the upper reference limit, TRAb normalization during ATD and TRAb normalization timing each may predict positive outcomes.