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Baseline electrolyte abnormalities is related to poor prognosis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

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eMediNexus Editorial    02 September 2021

Electrolyte abnormalities are common in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. 

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of baseline electrolyte abnormalities on the coronavirus disease outcome.

This retrospective, observational study assessed the validity of the hypothesis – baseline electrolyte imbalances may be related to unfavorable outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Overall, 408 hospitalized individuals over 18 years of age and with COVID-19 were recruited. Among these, 55.8% of the patients had at least one electrolyte imbalance at baseline. Hyponatremia was the most frequent electrolyte abnormality. Patients with hyponatremia, hypochloremia or hypocalcemia had more frequent requirement for intensive care unit and mechanical ventilation, higher mortality rate and longer hospitalization, respectively. Additionally, patient-populations with electrolyte abnormalities had unfavorable outcomes. Clinical and laboratory features associated with severe disease were detected more often in these patients. Meanwhile, hyponatremia was an independent factor related to death from COVID-19. 

From the results, it was inferred that baseline electrolyte imbalances and primarily hyponatremia, were related to poor prognosis in COVID-19 and baseline electrolyte assessment would be beneficial for evaluating the risk of severe COVID-19.

Source: New Microbes and New Infections. 2020 Sep;37:100753.

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