Culture-negative peritonitis (CNP) - Dialysate effluent culture is negative but clinical signs and symptoms are otherwise consistent with peritonitis.Peritoniti ...MORE
Most late rejections are due to low immunosuppression (non-compliance or iatrogenic).Late rejections are associated with de novo donor-specific antibodies and w ...MORE
Adult minimal change disease (MCD) presents with nephrotic syndrome (NS).Steroid responsiveness is seen in 80% of the cases (1 mg/kg).Pulse steroids followed by ...MORE
Precision medicine, functional medicine, person-centric medicine, person-centered medicine – all these are new terms in vogue in clinical medicine p ...MORE
Klotho has emerged as an important protein involved in various aspects of chronic kidney disease (CKD) syndrome. It has diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic p ...MORE
Guidelines for peritoneal equilibration test (PET) - First PET 4-6 weeks after peritoneal dialysis (PD) initiation; Repeat annually (ISPD guidelines); Early det ...MORE
Etiologically subcategorization crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is important. Multiple different immunologic pathogenic mechanisms can cause glomerulonephri ...MORE
Sodium profiling limits osmotic changes in the intravascular fluid and attempts to improve intradialytic hypotension and events. A final neutral balance is esse ...MORE
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the end result of varied pathophysiological processes - primary/secondary.Initial therapy is with glucocorticoids; ...MORE
Large populations have poor access, traverse large distances or lack resources for dialysis care in India.A regulation-compliant, quality-guided and cost-effect ...MORE
Electron microscopy (EM) is useful in 35-50% of renal disorders.It would be ideal to reserve tissue for EM in every case and to process it when needed.Disorders ...MORE
Dialysis patients are more tolerant of hyperkalemia.Avoiding serum/dialysate K mismatches - ↓ dialysis-associated arrhythmias and SD.Attention to concomita ...MORE
There is a strong association between CKD and an elevated blood pressure (BP) whereby each can cause or aggravate the other. BP control is fundamental to the ca ...MORE
Basics of hemodiafiltration (HDF): Transfer of solute across the membrane - Sieving coefficient, membrane characteristic, molecular weight, bound fraction, tiss ...MORE
Although erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have transformed the lives of people with CKD, it was not long after they were introduced that reports emerged ...MORE
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is underutilized in India.PD patients feel the need to be monitored.Telemedicine fulfils this need.This will increase usage of PD. ...MORE
Immunofluorescence (IF) is indispensable for renal biopsy evaluation and should be a routine for all renal biopsies. The pattern and type of staining provides g ...MORE
Sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) is becoming an increasingly popular choice of RRT in patients with AKI and critically ill. A lesser blood flow and dial ...MORE
Demand for dialysis is growing at a rate of 31% in India, compared to 8% globally. The survival and quality of life on dialysis have not improved commensurate w ...MORE
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies against the donor preformed or de novo are known to cause inferior outcomes of renal allograft. A renal transplant reci ...MORE
Patients with intradialytic hypotension (IDH) have increased morbidity and mortality. With severe IDH, bowel ischemia, stroke or myocardial infarction may occur ...MORE
The association between dialysate calcium (DCa) concentration and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients is controversial. Studies have shown that complication ...MORE
The ideal renal replacement therapy: Allows control of intra/extravascular volume; corrects acid-base disturbances; corrects uremia and effectively clears toxin ...MORE
Neurogenic bladder dysfunction: Sometimes simply referred to as neurogenic bladder. A dysfunction of the urinary bladder due to disease of the central nervous s ...MORE
Patients with CKD have a higher incidence of cardiovascular (acute and chronic) events, which in turn have an increased risk of progression to ESRD. Worsening r ...MORE
A patient of CKD is more likely to die due to CVD than uremia. The scenario is same after transplantation. Screening for CVD before transplantation is important ...MORE
The findings from various studies conducted on acute kidney injury (AKI) in ICUs across India are:AKI: Incidence, prognostic factors and outcome of patients in ...MORE
Causes of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) biological maturation failure are not elucidated. Postoperative stenosis plays a role, but relative contribution is uncert ...MORE
CKD is common and the majority of patients are managed by primary care providers in the community.The CKD pathway (www.CKDpathway.ca) is an online tool that can ...MORE
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) for the treatment of anemia in CKD patients - Current therapy: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and iron supplementation ...MORE
CKD is a devastating disease.Role of the intestine in CKD morbidity: Loss of intestinal integrity, pro-inflammatory effect and generation of uremic toxins.CKD d ...MORE
All drugs/devices are accompanied with labeling or full prescribing information or the package insert, which includes directions for use, warning and precaution ...MORE
Pretreatment with Rosuvastatin is Associated with 55% Lower Risk of CIN in CKD Patients Undergoing PCIContrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common complicatio ...MORE
Dr Shetty MS, Dr Kiran KK, Mysore; Dr Sharma A, Bengaluru; Dr Keshaviah P, Dehradun; Dr Rao SV, Dr Vincent L, BengaluruThis open label, single group, controlled ...MORE
Most studies of community-acquired (CA)-AKI are hospital-based, leading to underestimation and misclassification of CA-AKI.Patients with CA-AKI are more likely ...MORE
Protein carbamylation is a good measure of clinical uremia and can be measured robustly using carbamylated albumin assay in plasma.Hypercarbamylation is associa ...MORE
Blood pressure (BP) target in 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines for CKD is 130/80 mmHg for cardiovascular (CV) and survival benefits (with moderate evidence), instead of ...MORE
A central role for the kidney, among the systems contributing to BP regulation and the development of hypertension, has been proposed. A complex interaction bet ...MORE
Anemia is a frequent complication of CKD. In CKD, the main causes of anemia are deficiency of erythropoietin, iron-restricted erythropoiesis and anemia of ...MORE
Dr Hardik Shah, Dr Nikhil Bhasin, Dr Hardik Shah, Dr Dilip Kirpalani, Dr Ashok Kirpalani; MumbaiA single clinic BP reading (by sphygmomanometer) may be useful b ...MORE
Dr DS Rana, Dr Anil Kumar Bhalla, Dr Ashwini Gupta, Dr Manish Malik, Dr Priti Meena, Dr DS Rana, Dr Anil Kumar Bhalla, Dr Ashwini Gupta, Dr Manish Malik, Dr Anu ...MORE
A study by Georgi Abraham on predictors of long-term survival on peritoneal dialysis (PD) suggested the following: Technique survival 3 years and longer on cont ...MORE
Heat Stress Implications on Renal Health of Steel Industry WorkersThe study evaluated the impacts of occupational heat stress on the renal health of workers. Ab ...MORE
Dr J Kothari, Dr R Sirsat, Dr AF Almeida; MumbaiThis study was conducted with the aim to develop a simplified risk score to predict the risk of CIN in patients ...MORE
Combination of *1/*1 Wild Variant of CYP3A5 and TT/AA Mutant Variant of MDR G2677T/A Gene Polymorphism Requires Higher Tacrolimus Dose to Achieve Target Trough ...MORE
Stones in the renal tubules and collecting system may be asymptomatic but can present with pain, sepsis and even renal failure. Common predisposing cause ...MORE
The size of the stone is an important predictor of spontaneous passage. A stone <4 mm in diameter has an 80% chance of spontaneous passage. This falls to 20% ...MORE
Spectrum of stone composition in India - Ca oxalate 93%; Ca apatite 2%; Struvite 1%; Uric acid 1%; Cystine 0%; Mixed 3%. Prevention is considered in recurrent s ...MORE
Heroin addiction is associated with several severe and occasionally fatal renal complications. Though focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis is the most commo ...MORE
The CONVINT trial suggested that intermittent and continuous RRTs may be considered equivalent approaches for critically ill patients with dialysis-dependent ac ...MORE
Failure:Initial days 1972-1975 - Dissertation for MD “Jejunal biopsy in malabsorption syndrome”: Did not have any question in mind and could not mak ...MORE
Rapidly progressive autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) deserves treatment.Assessment should be done with imaging and clinical data.MRI based A ...MORE
Iron is essential for life, but it is extremely labile in certain forms and, as a result, can be highly reactive and toxic. Iron can be found in two different r ...MORE
C3 glomerulopathies (C3G) are defined by predominant complement C3 deposition on kidney biopsy and characterized by underlying complement dysregulation. Dense d ...MORE
Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is relatively common. It has an important clinical impact. Appropriate therapy can improve outcomes.Developing real-world prot ...MORE
The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE) predicts the risk of developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD).The KFRE has been validated across a range of ethnicities ...MORE
The new trend is to strictly embrace evidence-based medicine (EBM) with the perception that the patients will do better and one can avoid legal consequences. In ...MORE
The Use of Statins for Primary Prevention in Asian patients with Young-onset Diabetes and CKDDespite the proven effectiveness of lipid management, there are maj ...MORE
Role of Donor-related Factors in Short-term Graft Outcomes in Deceased Donor Renal Transplantation in JIPMER-PuducherryDr Nabadwip Pathak, Dr Sreejith Parameswa ...MORE
Antihypertensive Treatment and Nephroprotection: Which Target to Achieve?In patients with diabetes, nephropathy, with or without an increased urinary protein ex ...MORE
Biological therapies in Oncology represent a rapidly expanding field with the introduction of newer molecules which target various receptors and enzymes involve ...MORE
Most CKD patients have comorbidities. Concordant comorbidities include diabetes, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, stroke and sepsis. Diabetes accounts ...MORE
Endovascular management of bleeding complication has shown good result.Timely intervention in good hands is life-saving.Super selective intervention preserves k ...MORE
The clinical syndrome of diabetic nephropathy is characterized by a progressive rise in albuminuria and arterial BP with a relentless decline in glomerular filt ...MORE
Iron deficiency anemia is a common and clinically important concern in patients with CKD. In this patient population, chronic inflammation may lead to increased ...MORE
Individualizing the dialysate temperature improves the hemodynamic stability with reduced incidence of intra-dialytic hypertension and hypotension.This favorabl ...MORE
Patients with kidney disease need better management, which will occur through more and better clinical studies.Recognize the need for, and complementary nature ...MORE
Suspect transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) in graft <6 months, in elderly with peripheral artery disease, and deceased donor kidney.Pay attention to sur ...MORE
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the lifeline of ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). It is the best available vascular access option.It has superior ...MORE
Dr Ishan Parekh, Dr Hitesh Gulhane, Dr Pawan Deore, Dr Menal Wali, Dr Neil Saldahna, Dr Hepal Vora, Dr Zaheer Virani, Dr Prashant Rajput, Dr Bharat Shah; M ...MORE
Strategies of Harnessing the Social Media to Improve the Impact & Reach of ISNCON 2017Dr Arvind Conjeevaram, Bengaluru; Dr Manish Rathi, Dr Raja Ramachandra ...MORE
Luminex technology has revolutionized the clinical management of sensitized patients. Every testing laboratory must determine, based on the local performance of ...MORE
Diabetic kidney disease has a relentless progression. Despite use of ACEI/ARB, many patients continue to have persistent proteinuria (albuminuria) and progress ...MORE
Transplant kidney recipients have increased graft survival with better immunosuppression. However, this is a double-edged sword. Graft survival leads to infecti ...MORE
Pre-eclampsia is associated with maternal endothelial dysfunction that is mediated by an imbalance in circulating angiogenic factors.Circulating angiogenic fact ...MORE
Onco-nephrology is a new and evolving field of subspecialization.Prevalence of cancers with membranous nephropathy (MN) is ~6-22%. Malignancy is usually found w ...MORE
Oral antidiabetic drugs should be used with extreme caution in advanced CKD.Insulin is a safer alternative.DPP-4 inhibitor like linagliptin, and repaglinide, ma ...MORE
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