A new study published in Cancer Biomarkers explored the correlation of programmed death PD 1 PD L1 PD L being programmed death ligand polymorphisms and their expressions with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of ovarian cancer. This study recruited 164 patients with ovarian cancer as the case group while 170 healthy women formed the control group. The findings showed that PD 1 rs2227982 C T and PD L1 rs4143815 C G polymorphisms increased the risk for ovarian cancer. PD 1 rs2227982 C T was associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics FIGO stage and differentiation grade while PD L1 rs4143815 C G was correlated with histological type and differentiation grade. While PD 1 PD L1 expressions were positively correlated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells PBMCs of patients with ovarian cancer to be associated with differentiation grade. When compared to wild homozygous patients PD 1 PD L1 expressions were significantly decreased in PBMCs of ovarian cancer patients carried with the mutant genotypes of rs2227982 C T and rs4143815 C G. The progression free survival PFS and overall survival OS in ovarian cancer patients with wild homozygous genotype of rs2227982 C T and rs4143815 C G were significantly higher than those with mutant genotypes which were considerably lower in patients with low expressions of PD 1 PD L1 than those with high expressions. In addition FIGO staging differentiation grade rs2227982 C T rs4143815 C G and expressions of PD 1 PD L1 were identified as prognostic factors whereas high FIGO stage and low expressions of PD 1 PD L1 were independent risk factors for the prognosis of ovarian cancer. Hence it was inferred that PD 1 rs2227982 C T and PD L1 rs4143815 C G polymorphisms increased the risk of ovarian cancer leading to a poor prognosis associated with low expressions of PD 1 and PD L1. While high PD 1 and PD L1 expressions are indicators of a favorable prognosis in ovarian cancer.