Updated 2018 recommendations from the American Diabetes Association (ADA) emphasize on risk-based screening for type 2 diabetes or prediabetes in asymptomatic children and adolescents. The criteria include: overweight or obese (BMI >85th percentile for age and sex, weight for height >85th percentile, or weight >120% of ideal for height), and have one or more additional risk factors for diabetes as follows:

1. Maternal history of diabetes or gestational diabetes during the child’s gestation
2. Family history of type 2 diabetes in first- or second-degree relative
3. Race/ethnicity (Native American, African American, Latino, Asian American, Pacific Islander; and/or Signs of insulin resistance or conditions associated with insulin resistance (acanthosis nigricans, hypertension, dyslipidemia, polycystic ovary syndrome, or small-for-gestational-age birth weight