A comparative clinical study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination and cephalexin in 80 females with bacteriuria of pregnancy. Patients were randomly divided to receive either amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid three times daily or cephalexin three times daily for 7 days. The results showed that the overall bacteriological cure rates were 77% and 74% at 2 weeks in the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid group and cephalexin group, respectively. The corresponding figures at 6 weeks were 76% and 60%. A total of 25 episodes of infection were with ampicillin-resistant strains; cure rates were 80%and 64% in the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid group and cephalexin group at 6 weeks, respectively. Thus, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid therapy seems to offer high potential for managing bacteriuria of pregnancy.