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DASH Dietary Pattern and Cardiometabolic Outcomes.

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eMediNexus    19 April 2019

A recent study published in Nutrients aimed to summarize the available evidence in order to update of the European Association of the Study of Diabetes (EASD) guidelines. This study entailed an umbrella review of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies that analyzed the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern with cardiovascular disease and other cardiometabolic outcomes, and its effect on blood pressure and other cardiometabolic risk factors in controlled trials. This review included three systematic reviews and meta-analyses of 15 unique prospective cohort studies, as well as and four systematic reviews and meta-analyses of 31 unique controlled trials from MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. The primary outcome was incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) for prospective cohort studies and systolic blood pressure for controlled trials. The findings indicated that the DASH dietary pattern was associated with decreased incidences of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes in prospective cohort studies and decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total-C, LDL-C, HbA1c, fasting blood insulin, and body weight in controlled trials. Meanwhile, there was no effect on HDL-C, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR or CRP. The strength of the evidence was moderate for SBP and low for CVD incidence and ranged from very low to moderate for the secondary outcomes—coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and other established cardiometabolic risk factors. From the results, it was concluded that the DASH dietary pattern is associated with decreased incidence of cardiovascular disease and improves blood pressure with evidence of other cardiometabolic advantages in individuals with and without diabetes.

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