Photosensitive conditions, such as melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are exacerbated by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays and visible light making sunscreen use an essential component of treatment. This is especially true in skin of color patients who are less likely to use photoprotection, even if diagnosed with these photo-exacerbated conditions.

A new study published in the Indian Journal of Dermatology evaluated the body of literature to provide evidence for the use of sunscreen in the treatment of melasma and PIH.

Here, English articles from PubMed, Journals@Ovid Full Text and Embase were reviewed using the search terms “sunscreen” and either “melasma” “PIH,” or “post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.”

The findings from nine relevant publications revealed that a broad spectrum of protection—including UVA, UVBand visible light—within sunscreens can play an adjuvant role in therapy for melasma and PIH—by stabilizing and improving these pigmentary disorders in skin of color patients.

It was stated that disorders of hyperpigmentation, including melasma and PIH, significantly impact self-esteem and the quality of life for many patients, especially individuals with skin of color. Patients often feel embarrassed and self-conscious and tend to avoid social interactions and change their clothing choices, leading to an overall poor emotional well-being. To prevent these psychosocial sequelae, it is important to optimize treatment for these patients.

The results suggested that sunscreen with both UV + VL protection is an important adjuvant therapy to prevent the exacerbation of hyperpigmentation and to improve the appearance of these conditions. Additionally, counseling on proper sunscreen use and application as well as the development of better broad-spectrum sunscreens are necessary to maximize outcomes.

Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology. 2020 Jan-Feb; 65(1): 5–10.doi: 10.4103/ijd.IJD_295_18.