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Clinical Analysis of Neonates Born to Mothers with or without COVID-19

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eMediNexus    17 September 2020

The perinatal consequences of neonates born to severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected mothers are uncertain.

A new study published in the American Journal of Perinatology compared the differences in clinical manifestation, laboratory results and outcomes of neonates born to mothers with or without coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

During this study, 48 neonates were admitted to Tongji Hospital and HuangShi Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital from January 17 to March 4, 2020. The neonates were divided into three groups according to the mothers conditions – neonates born to mothers with confirmed COVID-19; neonates born to mothers with clinically diagnosed COVID-19; and neonates born to mothers without COVID-19. The clinical data of mothers and infants in the three groups were collected, compared and analyzed.

The deliveries occurred in a negative pressure isolation room, and the neonates were separated from their mothers immediately after birth for further observation and treatment. It was noted that none of the neonates showed any signs of fever, cough, dyspnea or diarrhea. SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of the throat swab and feces samples from neonates in all three groups was negative. Additionally, no differences were detected in the whole blood cell, lymphocytes, platelet and liver and renal function among the three groups. All mothers and their infants showed satisfactory outcomes, including a 28-week preterm infant.

Hence, clinical manifestations, radiological and biochemical results did not show any difference between the three groups. No evidence of vertical transmission was found in this study whether the pregnant women developed coronavirus infection in the third (14 cases) or second trimester (1 case).

Source: American Journal of Perinatology. 2020 Sep 6. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1716505.

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