A multifaceted combination of both, intrinsic and extrinsic factors, modulates the expression and activity of proteins involved in pigmentation. These factors include – the endocrine and paracrine dynamics, exogenous stimuli such as sunlight and xenobiotics, as well as the rate-limiting enzyme tyrosinase. While several melanogenesis inhibitors are available, the number of melanin activators and tyrosinase stimulators are in limited use.

A new study published in Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology aimed to explore the biological effects of an Annurca Apple-based nutraceutical preparation (AMS) on melanin production.

This study entailed experiments in cellular models of human skin. Both, primary cultures and co-cultures of epidermal melanocytes (HEMa) and follicular keratinocytes (HHFK) were used.

The findings revealed that AMS induces in total biocompatibility, a significant promelanogenic effect in human primary melanocytes. This preparation induced melanin cytosolic accumulation consistent with tyrosinase up-regulation.

In inference, it was stated that skin pigmenting agents would be attractive for the treatment of hypopigmentation disorders, to postpone skin photoaging. Discovery and development of melanogenesis stimulators, especially from natural sources, remains a dynamic area of research.

Source: Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology. 2021 Mar 25;14:291-301. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S299569.