The EuroELSO survey reports the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and outcomes in patients with COVID-19. The survey collected data between March 12, 2020, and Sept 14, 2020 (i.e., the first wave), and in conjunction with other multicentre aggregates, showed favorable outcomes with the survival of 55–60%.

A study that analyzed the continuous provision of ECMO for patients with COVID-19 during the first and second waves from the EuroECMO survey indicated the change in the clinical picture during the second wave (between Sept 15, 2020, and March 8, 2021). It reported Fatality and successful weaning curves approaching each other, indicating an increase in mortality compared with weaning and survival. 

It also reported successful weaning in 58% in the first wave compared with 47% in the second wave. Including deaths reported after successful weaning, survival was 53% in the first wave and 44% in the second wave.

The study demanded discussions on the effect of awake ECMO and early extubation in the disease course and to improve outcomes. It also questioned whether ECMO treatment should be withdrawn or continued as a bridge to lung transplantation for suitable candidates if the outcomes are not successful? It further warranted new clinical and ethical discussions.