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Chest CT Findings after Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: Six-month Follow-up

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eMediNexus    21 August 2021

There is little understanding about the long-term lung radiographic changes in patients recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially those with severe disease.

A study was conducted to evaluate the pulmonary sequel and determine the risk factors for fibrotic-like changes in the lung at 6-month follow-up chest CT of people who had survived severe COVID-19 pneumonia.    

Design-

It was a prospective study that enrolled 114 patients (70% men, mean age 54 ± 12years). 

Initial and follow-up CT scans at a mean of 17 days (± 11) and 175 days (± 20), respectively, after symptom onset were recorded and were evaluated for lung changes and CT extent scores.

Participants were divided into two groups based on their 6-month follow-up CT scan-

  • Group 1- those with CT evidence of fibrotic-like changes.
  • Group 2- those without CT evidence of fibrotic-like changes. 
Between-group differences were assessed and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent predictors of fibrotic-like changes.

Results

Conclusion

  • 6 month follow-up lung CT demonstrated fibrotic-like changes in >1/3rd of patients who survived severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
  • These changes were associated with older age, acute respiratory distress syndrome, longer hospital stays, tachycardia, noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and higher initial chest CT score.

Han X, Fan Y, Alwalid O, Li N, Jia X, Yuan M, Li Y, Cao Y, Gu J, Wu H, Shi H. Six-month Follow-up Chest CT Findings after Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia. Radiology. 2021 Apr;299(1):E177-E186.

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