Aim: A study described the recent TB incidence and mortality trends in India from 1990 to 2019.

Study design and methods

• An observational study utilized the most recent data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019.
• Numbers, age-specific and age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of Tuberculosis (1990–2019) were derived from the Global Health Data Exchange.
• The average annual percent change (AAPC), joinpoint regression analysis, Age–Period–Cohort model was utilized for analysis.

Results

Conclusion

• Mortality and Incidence of TB declined across all age groups and both genders over 1990–2019. The incidence and mortality remained higher among males than females.
• The net age effect demonstrated an unfavorable trend contrasting the net period effect and cohort effect.
• Ageing was likely associated with a continued increase in the mortality of TB.
• Though the incidence and mortality of Tuberculosis showed a decline from 1990 to 2019, the annual reduction rate does not seem sufficient to achieve the aim of India’s National Strategic plan 2017–2025.
• Four strategic pillars, “Detect–Treat–Prevent–Build” (DTPB), need strengthening to make India TB free as envisioned in the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (2020).

Source: BMC Pulm Med, 2021; 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-021-01740-y