A retrospective study, published in JAMA Network Open, suggests that among immunocompromised people who are vaccinated against COVID-19, the likelihood of breakthrough infections appears to be significantly higher in solid organ transplant recipients and those with HIV and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), compared to people without immune dysfunction.

An analysis of a national database was done that included more than 650,000 individuals who received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose. Investigators noted that the highest breakthrough rates were seen in solid organ transplant recipients, with an adjusted incidence rate ratio [AIRR] of 2.16, followed by individuals with HIV (AIRR 1.33), or RA (AIRR 1.20). There was no significant increase in the rate of breakthrough infection in people with multiple sclerosis (AIRR 1.12) or among those who received bone marrow transplant (AIRR 1.09)… (Medpage Today)