In a recent study conducted by the National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), ICMR, it was found that even after successful completion of treatment, patients with Tuberculosis (TB) have a high risk of all-cause mortality and reduced life expectancy. Dr. Padmapriyadarsini C, Director of the National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, stated that in recent years the rate of mortality has declined with improved treatment outcomes. However, the long-term survival of TB patients is still a factor of concern.

The study showed that the mortality rate among patients who were diagnosed and treated for TB was two times higher than the unaffected population. The study also showed that the years of life lost was 6.15 per 1000 in the treated TB patient population in comparison to 1.52 per 1000 in the non-TB population. Other factors, such as pulmonary TB and extra-pulmonary TB, patients who had the non-DOTS form of treatment, reported a significantly higher death rate, i.e., 42%, 18%, and 61%, respectively.

The authors of the study suggested that regular counseling and awareness about TB and its consequences among smokers, alcoholics, and other risk groups can help to reduce TB-related mortality. Based on the study, the team of researchers also recommended a long-term follow-up to prevent the recurrence of TB, including interventions for co-morbid conditions every six months for two years post TB treatment to prevent premature mortality. Dr. Padmapriyadarsini added that post-TB morbidities not only affect the individual but also the country’s productivity. Hence, the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) was created to prioritize appropriate strategies to reduce the mortality rate post TB treatment.