A recent study published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology reported on newly identified biomarkers that distinguish irritant and allergic patch test reactions, aiding in the categorization and diagnosis of contact dermatitis.  

Ten new contact allergens have been identified over the recent past – some being related to anti-aging products. The European Union (EU) has regulated the preservative methylisothiazolinone, which is a frequent allergen associated with morbidity. This has probably led to a marked decline in the number of cases; however, higher rates persist in areas such as North America. Other triggers include – fragrance allergens, for instance - terpenes and acrylates used in medical devices. 

Research in the field of immunology has enabled a detailed comprehension of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The findings depicted that ACD could be more heterogeneous than previously known, and with several subtypes. Further research continues to unfold the molecular complexity of ACD. This will aid in the development of new drugs targeting individualized patient care.

Source: Johansen JD, Bonefeld CM, Schwensen JFB, et al. Novel insights into contact dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;149(4):1162-71.