HbA1c long-term blood sugar levels can precisely forecast the likelihood that a person with type 1 diabetes would experience eye and renal issues. According to the study, this level should be less than 53 mmol/mol (7%). After receiving a type 1 diabetes diagnosis, participants in the study were followed for more than 30 years. Diabetes Care published the findings.

Researchers in the current study, known as VISS (Vascular Diabetic Complications in Southeast Sweden), covered all 447 people in the area who were freshly diagnosed during this time. They monitored the HbA1c measurements of the patients because this represent their average blood sugar levels over a more extended period. The patients were followed up for 32 and 36 years after diagnosis. The researchers also observed the progression of renal and ocular impairment in these patients.

A healthy person′s blood sugar level is strongly regulated, with a maximum HbA1c level of 42 mmol/mol (6.0%). Experts stated that the study′s findings demonstrate that individuals with type 1 diabetes for at least 32 years should maintain their mean long-term sugar level below 53 mmol/mol (7.0%) to entirely avoid severe complications. As the level increases, there is a greater chance of renal and ocular problems. The findings are relevant to preventing problems from blood vessel injury. However, it is challenging to carefully regulate blood sugar levels in patients with hypoglycemia or low blood sugar issues.

The results of the VISS study indicated HbA1c target levels align with the individual targets advised by the American Diabetes Association.  (The Print, 12 September, 2022)