Sunscreens are used widely to prevent acute sunburn and skin cancer, and protection against photoaging and other skin conditions related to cumulative solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. When correctly applied, it reduces the amount of UVR reaching the skin, further reducing its harmful effects. 

The present study examined the benefits and risks of sunscreens, compliance requirements and how we should use sunscreen for optimal effectiveness.

The study found strong evidence of sunscreen safety and reduction in the risk of skin cancer when applied correctly. The impact of sunscreen on vitamin D and its risk to the environment remains unclear. Further, there is a need to develop sun protection factor (SPF) sunscreen testing methods that are more reproducible and ethically based. 

The study found variability regarding the amount of sunscreen and the way it is applied between individuals, which markedly affects the degree and duration of protection received. Further, it found advices in the use of sunscreen with other sun protection measures, including clothing, hats, sunglasses and seeking shade.

This study necessitates the requirement for regulation to ensure the availability of high-quality, safe and effective sunscreen products to the population. Policymakers must initiate successful sunscreen programs to render the highest level of topical protection against solar UVR for future generations.

Source: Henderson SI, King KL, Karipidis KK, Tinker RA, Green AC. Effectiveness, compliance, and application of sunscreen for solar ultraviolet radiation protection in Australia. Public Health Res Pract. 2022;32(1):3212205.