According to a study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics, three blood metabolites are linked to an increased risk of migraine. These three metabolites include lower levels of DHA, an omega-3 known to reduce inflammation; higher levels of LPE (20:4), a chemical that blocks an anti-inflammatory molecule; and lower levels of a third, currently uncharacterized metabolite named X-11315.

Professor Dr. Dale Nyholt revealed that these genetic links can be targeted for future research and clinical trials to develop drugs for preventing and treating migraine. He stated that his team observed a link between genetic factors influencing blood metabolite levels and genetic risk for migraine, and thereby hypothesized that an alteration in the levels of blood metabolites can result in migraine.

He added that this alteration in the metabolites can be attributed to diet, lifestyle, and genetics; however, they are easy to measure and can be modified by modifying one’s diet and taking supplements.

The findings of the study also showed that people who complain of migraine have higher levels of shorter-chain fatty acids except for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a very long-chain omega-3 that protects against migraine. He explained that lower levels of DHA are associated with inflammation and cardiovascular and brain disorders, such as depression, which is in turn linked to an increased risk of migraine. Furthermore, LPE (20:4) is a chemical compound that inhibits the secretion of an anti-inflammatory molecule called anandamide, thereby preventing a migraine. 

(Source: https://theprint.in/health/study-finds-migraines-caused-by-alterations-in-metabolite-levels/1377219/ )