According to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, nasal administration of the drug Foralumab, an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, and decreased lung inflammation in patients with COVID-19. The study also showed that foralumab was able to reduce brain inflammation in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, thereby suggesting that it can be used to treat other diseases.

Dr. Howard Weiner, MD, founder and director of the Brigham Multiple Sclerosis Center and co-director of the Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, stated that the immune system is overreactive in both COVID-19 and multiple sclerosis.

On the other hand, Foralumab, produced by Tiziana Life Sciences, is a medication that increases regulatory T cells, or anti-inflammatory cells, in the immune system, reducing inflammation. This is in contrast to other monoclonal antibodies that target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and have been used in the past to treat or prevent COVID-19 symptoms (such as Evusheld), which only demonstrated action against particular variants and subvariants.

In a study conducted in 2020, foralumab was given nasally to 39 patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infections. The findings of the study showed that the patients who received 100 ug of foralumab each day for 10 days experienced less lung inflammation in comparison to the control group.

Based on these findings, the team carried out a sophisticated gene expression analysis and found a pattern of three specific genes, namely NKG7, TGF-beta1, and GIMAP7, involved with the anti-inflammatory effects of the drug. (Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/03/230308084337.htm )