Currently, there are two main categories of drugs used for treating ringworm. The firstcategory consists of propylene amine drugs like terbinafine, butenafine and naftifine. Thesedrugs work by inhibiting squalene cyclase, leading to a deficiency of ergosterol and anaccumulation of squalene, ultimately causing the death of the fungus. The second categorycomprises imidazole drugs, including miconazole, econazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole andbifonazole.

The mechanism of action for these synthetic antifungal agents involves inhibiting thelanosterol 14α-demethylation activity of fungal cells. This inhibition prevents the synthesis ofergosterol in the cell membrane, resulting in changes to the permeability of the membraneand the loss of crucial intracellular fungal components, ultimately leading to fungal death. 

Imidazole antifungal agents are widely used in clinical practice for treating ringworm, andthey have a broad range of applications. 

In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the chemistry and detailedpharmacology of luliconazole, a drug used in the treatment of ringworm.

Source: Mishra AK, Kumar A, Singh H, Verma S, Sahu JK, Mishra A. Chemistry andpharmacology of luliconazole (imidazole derivative): a novel bioactive compound to treatfungal infection-a mini review. Curr Bioact Compd. 2019;15(6):602-9.