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Fecal Distribution Changes Using Colorectal Ultrasonography in Older People.

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eMediNexus    06 July 2018

The purpose of a new study published in Healthcare was to determine whether colorectal ultrasonography (US) can evaluate constipation symptoms in older people. This study included 101 patients, aged 65 years or more, with physical and cognitive impairment living in a long-term care facilities, who could intake food orally. In these patients, US was performed once a day until the next defecation, and fecal hardness was assessed. US images were extracted and categorized; patterns of fecal distribution changes in the colorectum were classified. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine related factors associated with a constipation pattern. Overall, the ultrasonography images of 95 patients were analyzed. The findings revealed that in 74.4% of the patients, US showed continuation of reflection with acoustic shadow in the rectum, which was significantly associated with defecation on the bed. Of the patients with a continuous crescent-shaped reflection pattern, 92.9% had hard stool. In addition, a continuous crescent-shaped reflection pattern was found to be significantly associated with a Mini-Mental State Examination score of ≤10. Moreover, in a majority of the patients, US detected a continuation of reflection with acoustic shadow in rectal patterns, indicating fecal retention in the rectum. Hence, it was inferred that point-of-care US can be used by nurses to visualize rectal fecal retention as constipation patterns in the older people with physical and cognitive impairment at long-term care facilities.

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