A new study published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs aimed to explore the impact of Rifaximin on gut barrier and gut microbiota in IBD, in particular in Crohn's disease (CD), and to analyse its potential therapeutic applications. This narrative review suggested an involvement of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) pathogenesis, in sustaining gut barrier chronic inflammation, and in conditioning disease course and therapeutical response. Thus, there may be potential benefits in treating patients with gut microbiota modifiers. It was stated that among microbiota modifiers, Rifaximin represents a non-traditional antibiotic which is able to act as a eubiotic on intestinal barrier. Moreover, rifaximin can exert a synergic effect with immunomodulators in IBD, acting on both the microbial and the immunological sides of gut barrier impairment.Moreover, rifaximin can exert a synergic effect with immunomodulators in IBD, acting on both the microbial and the immunological sides of gut barrier impairment.