The goal of a new study published in the International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery was to determine factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) duration in a sample of women and their infants. This prospective study was conducted between April 2012 and October 2014, wherein 2640 women who had given birth to healthy term infants were categorized into EBF and non-EBF groups. Demographic information from mothers and infants, medical and drug history, and pregnancy related factors were compared between the groups. Multivariable analysis was performed using Adaptive Lasso regression. The statistics showed that the mean duration of EBF was 4.63±1.99 months. Mothers educational level and duration of EBF were inversely correlated. It was noted that mothers who were housewives had a significantly longer duration of EBF (4.68±1.97) compared to mothers with either part-time (4.21±2.01) or full-time jobs (4.02±2.12). Additionally, infants weight gain during EBF, singleton/multiple pregnancies, maternal perception of quantity of breast milk, post-partum infection, use of pacifier, neonates irritability, birth place, and mothers full-time job were most important factors affecting the duration of EBF. On the other hand, twin pregnancies, post-partum infection, cesarean section by maternal request, use of a pacifier, and irritability in the neonatal period significantly reduced the duration of EBF. It was recommended that health policy-makers should promote EBF programs among educated as well as working mothers in order to positively affect the health status of mothers and children in the community.