A recent study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology investigated characteristics, diagnosis, bowel-cleansing preparation, sedation, and colonoscope length and diameter in pediatric patients receiving total colonoscopy. In this retrospective study, 110 consecutive patients aged 15 years or below who had undergone their first colonoscopy in a University in Japan, between January 2007 and February 2015, were evaluated. The findings revealed that hematochezia, abdominal pain, and diarrhea were the most common symptoms. For bowel-cleansing preparation, pediatric patients 12 years of age and younger were treated with magnesium citrate, and patients aged 13-15 years were treated with polyethylene glycol 4000. For sedation, thiamylal with pentazocine was used in patients aged 6 years and younger, and midazolam with pentazocine was used in patients above 7 years of age. In addition, short and thin endoscopes were selected for younger patients, in particular for patients aged 3 years and below. Positive diagnoses was found in 70.9% patients. Furthermore, inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis, and Crohns disease was the most common diagnosis. Hence, it was inferred that colonoscopy offers a high diagnostic capability for pediatric patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. It was stated that the selection of appropriate management technique for the optimal performance of colonoscopy is important in pediatric patients.