The goal of a new study published in The Journal of Infection was to provide an insight into other bacterial causes of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD), and how infection with these pathogens damages the dysbiotic gut. In this study, clinical isolates from C. difficile-negative AAD patients were whole genome sequenced for in-silico analysis of potential virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance determinants. Several bacterial pathogens were isolated from patients with C. difficile-negative AAD. Each isolate showed the potential for virulence based on encoded virulence factors; in addition, a majority demonstrated antimicrobial resistance in vitro. From the results, it was concluded that several pathogens of clinical importance other than C. difficile are able to cause gastrointestinal infection following antimicrobial-mediated dysbiosis. The virulence potential and multidrug resistance identified in these isolates hints towads the importance of further diagnostic screening in cases of C. difficile-negative AAD.