• TIME: Tissue management; Inflammation and infection control; Moisture balance; Epithelial (edge) advancement.
• Differentiate between wound colonization and infection.
• Local measures:

o  Povidone-iodine low concentration (broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity not cytotoxic)

o  Silver dressings (toxic-bacteria, infected wounds/high risk)

o  Cadexomer iodine (low concentrations of iodine methicillin-resistant S. aureus).

• Wound edge advancement:

o  Growth factors-stimulate wound healing

o  Adjuvant wound care

o  Negative pressure wound therapy.

• PRF advantages:

o  Fibrin mesh-scaffold

o  Rich in growth factors from entrapped platelets and leukocytes

o  Occlusive dressing

o  Easy, safe and cost-effective.

• Compression therapy improves venous return and reduces edema.
• Biophysical adjuvant wound care:

o  Hyperbaric oxygen

o  Electrical stimulation

o  Ultrasound

o  Radiofrequency

o  Low-level laser therapy.

• Newer systemic treatments include low molecular weight heparins-nadroparin; statins-simvastatin; sulodexide.